Tower cranes are simply referred to as tower cranes, also known as tower cranes, and originated in Western Europe. According to records, the first patent for construction tower crane was issued in 1900. In 1905, a crane with a boom mounted on a fixed tower appeared. In 1923, a prototype of a modern tower crane was made. In the same year, the first relatively complete modern tower crane appeared. In 1930, Germany had begun mass production of tower cranes and used them in construction. In 1941, the German industrial standard DIN8770 for tower cranes was published. The standard stipulates that the lifting capacity of the tower crane is expressed by the moment of gravity (tm) of the product of the load (t) and the amplitude (m).
China's tower crane industry started in the 1950s. Compared with the slump of the tower crane industry caused by the weak construction industry in Central and Western Europe, China's tower crane industry is in a period of rapid development.
From the perspective of tower crane technology development, although new products emerge in an endless stream, new products have improved in production efficiency, easy operation, easy maintenance and reliable operation, but the tower crane technology has not changed fundamentally. The research of tower crane is moving towards the combined development. The so-called combined type is to take the tower body structure as the core, decompose the tower body into several parts according to the structural and functional characteristics, and divide the parts into several modules according to the principle of serialization and generalization, following the principle of the modular system. According to the parameter requirements, select appropriate modules to form tower cranes with different technical performance characteristics to meet the specific needs of construction. The implementation of combined tower cranes will help speed up the development of tower crane products, save product development costs, and better serve customers.
Tower cranes are divided into two categories: upper slewing tower cranes and lower slewing tower cranes. The bearing capacity of the former is higher than that of the latter. What we have seen in many construction sites is the tower crane with the upper rotary type, the upper lifting and the joint height. According to whether it can move, it can be divided into walking type and fixed type. The tower body of the fixed tower crane is fixed and does not turn, and is installed on the whole concrete foundation, or on the X-shaped concrete foundation in the form of a bar. The fixed type is generally adopted in the construction of houses.
